Exploring Mines Guide

WARNING! Exploring any type of mine is dangerous and should be avoided. Deep in the Woods does not encourage the exploration of mines. This article is not meant as a life-saving guide and should not be referred to as such. Continue reading and exploring at your own risk.

Things to know:

Abandoned, closed, and restored mines all pose significant safety risks. The majority of mines that offer tours to the public have undergone extensive restoration and have been evaluated and deemed safe for the public to visit. However, not all mines are safe, even those that are open to the public. When exploring mines, it is crucial to be aware of all the dangers and risks associated with this activity.

Some abandoned and closed mines are on private property and can not be explored without permission from the landowner. Do not trespass under any circumstances on private property. Abandoned or closed mines that are on public property are generally legal to explore in Canada; however, the mineral rights are usually retained by the mining company, so taking any rocks or minerals is strictly prohibited. Do not touch, take, or move any objects or items around mines.

Abandoned and closed mines may be under a “care and maintenance” status, where they may or may not be in the process of opening up again. It is generally considered trespassing to enter any mine that is under care and maintenance.

You may encounter signs like this to warn you of hazards but it is not considered to be a no trespassing sign.

Before you begin exploring abandoned or closed mines, read up on all the safety risks and hazards and ensure you have a complete plan in place ahead of time. Never explore alone, and inform a friend or family member of where you will be going, what you plan to do, and when you intend to return. Make sure an emergency plan is set and that you are prepared for any event. 

Exploring abandoned and closed mines is not for everyone; it is physically and mentally demanding. Make sure you are fully prepared for anything and everything, including hiking, climbing, crawling, and sliding. Have a clear mind and avoid taking any drugs or consuming alcohol, as this can greatly impair your judgment and make for a much more dangerous situation.

When approaching an abandoned or closed mine, the first thing to do is to assess whether the mine is on public or private property. Survey the surrounding area and be aware of any hazards, including holes, debris, water, animals, and anything else that can pose a safety risk. Entrances to abandoned mines can sometimes be boarded up or even collapsed. These mines should not be entered as they may be unstable and dangerous. 

Hazards:

Mine entrances that do not have any drafts or air flow may be an indication of bad air within the mine. Bad air can affect you before you even realize it, and it may be too late by then. It is highly recommended to carry an air monitor/gas detector when entering mines, as there can be a variety of dangerous gases present.

Inside of abandoned and closed mines, a plethora of hazards exist. Always have at least one flashlight, and be very cautious of where you are walking. The edges of large holes often have loose shale and rock that can cause slipping. Stay away from steep edges and large holes. 

Equipment, tools, and debris can also be hazardous if you are not watching where you are going. While not very common, abandoned and closed mines have been known to contain explosives and blasting caps that may or may not have been already detonated. Of course, you should exercise extreme caution if encountering any explosives and exit the area immediately.

This powder crate is empty, but it is an indication there may be explosives nearby.

False floors are another extreme hazard that is nearly undetectable. False floors are usually timber roads or paths that have rotted and have since been covered in dirt, mud, and debris. The underlying structures become unstable and can give way when walking on them. Stick to the edges of mine shafts whenever possible.

Stagnant water inside of abandoned or closed mines is another hazard to be aware of. Stagnant water may contain high levels of chemicals and gases, posing significant health risks. Water inside mines also poses potential risks for infection, hypothermia, and even drowning.

Collapsed areas inside of mines can be an indication of unstable grounds and should be exited immediately. If you hear any creaking, cracking, or any other abnormal noises, you should begin making your way to the exit as quickly as possible. 

Keep track of the mine you are entering and map out each new corridor you enter. Many mines contain twists and turns with many entrances and adits, where it can be easy to get lost or turned around in. Avoid using spray paint as the fumes inside an enclosed area can be harmful; instead, opt for fluorescent marking tape and be sure to take all garbage with you when leaving.

Gear to carry:

When it comes to exploring abandoned or closed mines, safety is paramount. Make sure you have all the necessary equipment and that you are fully prepared for anything. If you do not have the proper gear, do not enter the mine.

Small backpack

You do not want a large backpack that may hinder your ability to crawl into smaller spaces, but make sure your backpack is large enough to carry all the necessary gear.

Clothing

Ensure you have the proper clothing required for exploring abandoned and closed mines. The temperature inside of mines can greatly differ from the outside temperature and is often much cooler. Dress appropriately with rugged and comfortable clothing that can withstand the elements. Dress in layers so you can change to the conditions, and always wear proper footwear with close-toed shoes only. Gloves and glasses can also be beneficial, as well as elbow pads and knee pads.

Helmet

A helmet will protect your head from sharp rocks and hazards above. Standing up in small spaces or falling rocks can cause injury to your head. Protect yourself with a proper helmet or hard hat. Many helmets can also easily be fitted with headlamps, making it easier to see and get around.

Flashlights

You should never enter an abandoned or closed mine without proper lighting. It is always recommended to carry at least one flashlight, though it is best to have a backup with extra batteries. Headlamps are also highly recommended and allow you to keep your hands free and be ready for anything.

Food and water

Make sure you pack some water and non-perishable snacks in your backpack. Hydration is key when doing any strenuous activity, and it is important to stay on top of it. Small snacks are great for keeping energy levels up and for having in case of emergencies.

First Aid Kit

When exploring abandoned and closed mines, always expect the unexpected and be prepared for any emergency. Injuries inside of mines can occur at any time, so be ready with a kit. Bandages, gauze, alcohol wipes, and painkillers should all be present in your first aid kit.

Safety gear

Along with a first aid kit, you will want to have some additional safety gear in your backpack. Small items such as a thermal blanket, compass, whistle, glow sticks, rope, and a multi-tool should also be stored in your backpack.

Technical equipment

As mentioned previously, an air monitor/gas detector will help to keep you safe from bad air and toxic gases. Make sure your detector is regularly maintained and bump tested before going out. A GPS device can help to keep you from getting lost and map your progress along the way. A satellite phone or communication device is also crucial when exploring outside of coverage zones.

A small backpack like this should carry all your necessary gear. Don't forget your air monitor and satellite communication device.

Deep in the Woods is your guide to exploring beyond the beaten path. These places exist for us to appreciate and learn of their history. If treated with respect, we should be able to continue to visit these sites for years to come. Always remember, "Take only photos, leave only footprints."